Safety mechanism for firearms.



P. MAUSER.

SAFETY MECHANISM FOB FIREARMS.

APPLIGAuol-r FILED JULY 211910 E?. MAUSER. SAFETY .Mmm-,MSM POR Hmmm.

A'PPLGTION FILED'JULY 27,1910A Patented Bec. 1'?, 1912.

.3 SHEBTS-SHEE PAUL MAUsEn, or oBfEnNnoRr-oN-THE-NECKAR, GERMANY.

S'AFETY MEGHANISM FOR FIREARMS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. i 7, 1912.

Application med July 27, 1910. serial No. 574,079.

To all 'whom it may concern of engineering, royal privy commercial councillor, residing at )berndorf-ori-the Neckar, in the Kingdom of W urttemberg. Germany, have invented certain new'. and

useful Improvements 4Relating to Safety- Mechanism'for Firearms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The present` invention relates to a firing pin arrangement comprising locking mechan ism which, when the breech is being locked,

holds the viiising-pin behind the face of the breech bolt yuntil the latter has arrived in the closed position, so that the point of the firing pin cannot project beyond the tacelotI the breech bolt and, consequently, cannot be released until the breech -is'positively locked.

. There are numerous locking devices otl this description but they donot insure that the locking 'of the breech bolt has actually been effected before theiringpin is released, and this applies particularly to those weapons in which the breech bolt is locked by special parts arranged independently ofv the breech-bolt, such as locking levers or the like.

The movements. in modern recoil loaders are, as is wll known, extremely rapid son that even when4 the -breech bolt is in its closed position it is not locked at the same moment, as is the ca'se with the ordinaryhand loaders. For .thisi'reason the known action between the breechbolt and lock for the firing pin is not satisfactory. The neces'- sity has therefore arisenV for making the ring pin locking device dependent on the breech bolt locking mechanism so that the release of the tiring pin does n'ot onlydepend on the breech'bolt being in its closed position but also upon its being locked.,

With this'end in view the present invention relates to a ring Din arrangement for fire arms, specially recoil loaders with ixed barrels, in which` the detent for locking the ring-'pin, 2'.. e., for holding back thepoint ofthe tiring pin or the like behind'v the 'breech bolt until the breech isflocked, is

' positively operated by the breech bolt locking mechanism so that the detent is only.

released and the 'point of the iring pin al-v lowed to assume its position for firing after y thebreech bolt is locked. Thus the locking of the firing pin is dependent on the locking of the breech bolt sdA that inno case can the .behind thevfront of the breech bolt.

i Weapon 'bei fired even by accident without Be 1t known that I, PAUL MAUSER, doctor the breech having been previously locked.

In the accompanying drawings the new `firing pin arrangement is shown applied to a recoil loading riie of Mausers system,

as set forth, for example, in U.l S. Patent vthe detent is shown holding back the firing pin with its point in the non f1ring position v Figs. 4 and are`-respectively a side elevation and horizontal section showing the position of the parts with the detent out of engagement and the point ofthe ring pin in' front of the face of the breech bolt.v Fig. 6 is a cross section' throught-he front end of lthe breech bolt. Fig. 7 is a plan and side view of the detent, and Fig. 8 is a side and front view. of the 'forward end of the tiring pin. Figs. 9 and l0 are top plan views (with the cover plate removed) of a rea-r continuation of the port-ion of the gun shown in Figs. 3 and 5,'showing 'the breech' boltlobking de-l vice in open and closed posit-ion, respectively. A Y

,The weapon shown consists essentially .of the stock or frame g, the -lockcasing l1, the

lfront of which 4carries the barrel Z, and the breech bolt 7cv which. makes lits closing and opening movementin the said' casing and v contains the firing pin r. The locking mech-A anism for the iringvpin consists .of a,4 pivoted detent e which is arranged inthe front part of the breech bolt, projects through a lateral cavity xlf inthe-side of the latter and is pivoted to the pin c1 on a baro placed from above into the b1 eechbolt and held in 'position-by the extractor spring.'v .In the center, above the end of the firing pin thedetent has a rear: nose e2 which acts on a corresponding inclined part r'f on' the collar r1 of the tiring pin r. Y Atxthe side the detent ha'sfa.- wing likeprojection el which Arests against-the inner Wall of the casing E dur-v ing the opening. andclosing of trie breech bolt and, bythe nose e2 acting on the full part "of the. collaren the firing pin, the detent holds the latter back Vagainst the pres-A sure. of its' spring 'in its rearward position,

as shown in Fig. 3'. at the front end et the il@ path ofthe breech bolt a slot k1 is providedv inthe casing into 'which the Wing el. can fall is soonv as the breech bolt is in its closedpoa sition'. The important part is, as previously .nientioned, the arrangement -Whereby the function of the detent e is made dependent on the locking of the breech bolt. For this 'purposea sliding bar f is arranged at t-he side of the casinggh, the front inwardly bent end of said bar passing through the slot h1 in said casing it in front of the Wing e1 on the detent. This barf is actuated by the 5am plate a which is slidably mounted upon the firearm and 'eects the displacement.. of the locking levers b Zi, the pins 'b1 b1 of which engage the slots 0,1 al of. the cam plate a.

When thebreech-bolt ,7c is locked, the cam .plate cz is in' its backward position and holds the levers b inward with their-faces against the rear end of the breech-bolt (Figs. 5 and sition and 4the 'locking levers b Z) stand outward allowing the breech-bolt thus unlocked to pass back between them (Figs. i and 9). The cam plate operates by inertia to actuate the locking levers b b to unlock the breech-bolt 7c upon recoil of the firearm and -is automatically returned by a spring toits initial ,position to actuate the leversto 4lock the breech-bolt L'. The sliding cam plate al is 'provided with anr externally projecting linger-piece at to enable it to be adjusted by hand. The bar f is connected to the sliding camplate by the rear end f2 engaging in a cavity a2 in the linger piece c4, which is of such dimensions that a certain amount of play is allowed for movement in one direction, but which, When moved in the backward the front edge of the cavity a2' meets the end f2, in the last stageof the movement and pulls back the bar f with it, so that the detent e is moved from its locking position (Fig. 3) into its unlocking position (Fig. 5). y

` The unlockingposition is therefore only reached when the sliding cam plate is fully back, so that the tiring pin is only then able to spring forwardinto its-tiring position .with its point projecting beyond the end of the breech bolt. YVhen, on the contrary, the 'sliding cam plate is moved forvvard,that is to say, when the breech is unlocked, the rear edge of, the'cavity apushes thebar f for- 4ward so that when the breech bolt goes back the. detent e is swungback'to the side of the casing into the? locking-.- position '(Fig. 3)V where it remains until thebreech bolt having closed, theslidingcani plate, which acts on the locking layers ,bf for locking the When thev breech-bolt 7c is unlocked, the cam plate a is in its forward po.

breech boltWhile going back turns the detent again in the opposite direction. Thus, Whereas previously the detent e rested.' with its nose e2 against the inclined part r2 of the collar 711 onthe tiring pin, the same now lies in the locking position on the full part, i. e'. on the upper edge 'of "the inclined part "7-2 as shown iii Fig. 3, thereby holding back the firing piii. y

That I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:l 'f

l. In an automatic firearm, the combina tion of a breech-bolt, a iringin in said` breech-bolt, a detent mounted directly upon said breech-bolt for locking said tiring-*pin irl-inoperative position, means for automati" cally locking and yunlocking said breech' bolt,

and means actuated 'by ysaid locking means for actuating 'said detent.

Q. In an automatic lirearm, the combina' tion of a breech-bolt, a iring-pin in said breech-bolt,'a detent pivoted directly upon said breech bolt and'having a cam 'suface adapted to engage said tiring pin to retain it in inoperative position, means for automatically locking and unlocking said breech bolt,l and means actuated'by saidh'locking means for actuating said detent.v

, 3. In an automatic rearm, the combina` tion of a breech-bolt, a firing-pin therein, a detent for said firing pin, locking means for said breech-bolt lindependent'of the breech bolt, and means Aactuated by said locking means for actuating said detent.

4. ln an automatic firearm, the combination of a breech-bolt, a firing pin therein, a

detent for said firing-pin, lockingmeans for. said bolt, a sliding cam plate for actuating said locking means, and means actuated by said cam plate for actuating said detent.

5. In an automatic firearm, the combination of a breech boltI a iringpin therein.; detent for said iring-pin locking means forn said beechbolt, aY sliding-cam platek for automatically actuating" said locking means, n.

a connecting rod having a-pin and slot engagement with said sliding cam-plate. and actuating said detent to lock said firing-pin ininoperative position upon movement of said plate to actuate said locking' nieans'to unlock said breech-bolt, and actuating said detent to unlock said firing-pin upon mo\f'ement of said plate to act-uate said locking means to lock the breech-bolt.

6. In an automatic firearm, thecombina tion of a breeclnbolt, a ,firing-pin therein, a detent for said firing-pin, locking levers for"L said breech-bolt, a sliding cam-plate` for automatically actuating ysaid, locking levers,

.and means actuated by saidl cam-'plate fer 4actuating said detent to lock andujnlock said Jrin, ;-pin in accordance with. the unlocking and locking ofsaid breech-bolt.

'21H-Inl an automatic firearm, the combinad tionof aj breech-bolt; a .ling-'nin therein, 'a

de tentfof said firing-pin, leaking levers for In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed sald breech-bolt, a recoil-actuated sliding my name in the presence of tw Subscribing cam-plate for actuating said locking levers, Witnesses.

and means actuated by said cam-platel for PAUL MAUSER. 5 actuating said detent to lock and unlock'said Witnesses:V rng-pin in accordance with the unlocking FRmA KLAIBlm,

and lockngof said breech-bolt. PAULINE KLAIBER. 

